Social Workers’ and Homeless People’s Understanding of Ways to Redress Homelessness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25159/2708-9355/9997Keywords:
social worker, homeless people, homelessness, marginalisation, collaborationAbstract
Homeless people are arguably the most marginalised and vulnerable of communities. The marginalisation of homeless people not only occurs in economic and social terms, but also with respect to participation in the process of service delivery and decisions that affect them. Consequently, some researchers have identified the disjuncture between services offered to homeless people and their needs. In this article, using a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, we explore the understanding of social workers and homeless people in redressing homelessness. We used face-to-face semi-structured interviews to generate data. The data were analysed thematically. The findings indicate that social workers’ and homeless people’s accounts of understanding and redressing homelessness are contradictory. Conversely, collaboration between social workers and homeless people could create an informed understanding of homelessness and the opportunity for the two parties to learn from each other.
References
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Busch-Geertsena, V., D. Gilhane, and S. Fitzpatrick. 2016. “Developing a Global Framework for Conceptualising and Measuring Homelessness.” Habitat International 55: 124–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2016.03.004.
Castaños-Cervantes, S., B. Turnbull, and J. Aguilar-Villalobos. 2018. “Psychosocial Differences Between Mexican Girls at Risk of Homelessness and Those Unsheltered, Sheltered or Emergency Sheltered.” Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies 13 (1): 72–80. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/17450128.2017.1367111.
Chamberlain, K., and D. Hodgetts. 2018. Collecting Qualitative Data with Hard-to-Reach Groups. Handbook of Qualitative Data Collection. London: Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526416070.n42.
Chitekwe-Biti, B. 2009. “Struggles for Urban Land by the Zimbabwe Homeless People’s Federation.” Environ Urban 21 (2): 347–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247809343764.
Clapton, J., L. Chenoweth, D. McAuliffe, N. Clement, and C. Perry. 2014. “Precarious Social Inclusion: Chronic Homelessness and Impaired Decision-Making Capacity.” Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless 23 (1): 32–41. https://doi.org/10.1179/1573658X14Y.0000000004.
Colbry, S., M. Hurwitz, and R. Adair. 2014. “Collaboration Theory.” Journal of Leadership Education 13 (14): 63–75. https://doi.org/10.12806/v13/14/c8.
Cowen, J. M. 2017. “Who Are the Homeless? Student Mobility and Achievement in Michigan 2010–2013.” Educational Researcher 46 (1): 33–43. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X17694165.
Creswell, J. W. 2016. 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. London: Sage.
Daya, S., and N. Wilkins. 2012. “The Body, the Shelter, and the Shebeen: An Effective Geography of Homelessness in South Africa.” Cultural Geography 20 (3): 357–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474474012469886.
De Beer, S., and R. Vally. 2015. “(Finding) Pathways Out Of Homelessness: An Engaged, Transdisciplinary Collaborative in the City of Tshwane.” Development Southern Africa 34 (4): 385–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2017.1319261.
Donley, A., and E. Jackson. 2014. “Blending In: The Presentation of Self Among Homeless Males in a Gentrifying Environment.” Theory in Action 7 (1): 46–64. https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.14003.
Du Toit, J. L. 2010. “Local Metropolitan Government Responses to Homelessness in South Africa.” Development Southern Africa 27 (1): 110–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/03768350903519390.
Emery, F. E., and E. L. Trist. 1965. “The Causal Texture of Organisational Environments.” Human Relations 18: 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872676501800103.
Funk, L. M., and K. M. Kobayashi. 2014. “From Motivations to Accounts: An Interpretive Analysis of ‘Living Apart Together’ Relationships in Mid- to Later-Life Couples.” Journal of Family Issues 37 (8): 1101–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X14529432.
Gajda, R. 2004. “Utilizing Collaboration Theory to Evaluate Strategic Alliance.” American Journal of Evaluation 25 (1): 65–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/109821400402500105.
Ghosh, S. 2020. “Understanding Homelessness in Neoliberal City: A Study from Delhi.” Journal of Asian and African Studies 55 (2): 285–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021909619875775.
Gray, B. 1985. “Conditions Facilitating Inter Organisational Collaboration.” Human Relations 38 (10): 911–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872678503801001.
Gray, B., and D. J. Wood. 1991. “Collaborative Alliances: Moving from Practice to Theory.” Journal of Applied Behavioural Science 27 (1): 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886391271001.
Gregory, K., N. Nnawulezi, and C. M. Sullivan. 2017. “Understanding How Domestic Violence Shelter Rules May Influence Survivor Empowerment.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 36 (1–2): NP402–NP423. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517730561.
Grove, S. K., N. Burns, and J. Gray. 2012. The Practice of Nursing Research: Appraisal, Synthesis, and Generation of Evidence. 7th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Hardin, J., and D. E. Wille. 2017. “The Homeless Individuals’ Viewpoint: Homelessness Causes and Resources Needed to Leave the Sheltered Environment.” Social Work and Social Sciences Review 19 (2): 33–48. https://doi.org/10.1921/swssr.v19i2.1059.
HSRC (Human Sciences Research Council). 2010. “A Multidisciplinary Study of Homelessness Between 2005 and 2008.” Development Southern Africa 27 (1).
Kam, P. K. 2019. “‘Social Work Is Not Just a Job’: The Qualities of Social Workers from the Perspective of Service Users.” Journal of Social Work 20 (6): 775–96. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1468017319848109.
Kegan, M. 2016. “Public Attitudes and Knowledge About Social Workers in Israel.” Journal of Social Work 16 (3): 322–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468017315572937.
Knestaut, M., M. A. Devine, and B. Verlezza. 2010. “’It gives me purpose’: The Use of Dance with Individuals Experiencing Homelessness.” Therapeutic Recreational Journal 4: 289–301.
Kok, P., C. Cross, and N. Roux. 2010. “Towards a Demographic Profile of the Street Homeless in South Africa.” Development Southern Africa 27 (1): 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/03768350903519309.
Komla, F. T. 2013, 3 April. “Homelessness in Ghana: Is It My Problem?” GhanaWeb. https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/Homelessness-in-Ghana-Is-it-my-Problem-269760.
Lasker, R. D., and E. S. Weiss. 2003. “Broadening Participation in Community Problem Solving: A Multidisciplinary Model to Support Collaborative Practice and Research.” Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 80 (1): 14–47. https://doi.org/10.1093/jurban/jtg014.
Maeseele, T., M. Bouverne-De Bie, and R. Roose. 2013. “On the Frontline or on the Side-Line? Homelessness Care and Care Avoiders.” European Journal of Social Work 16 (5): 620–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691457.2012.732932.
Makusha, T., L. Richter, L. Knight, H. van Rooyen, and D. Bhana. 2013. “’The Good and the Bad?’ Childhood Experiences with Fathers and Their Influence on Women’s Expectations and Men’s Experiences of Fathering in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.” Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research & Practice about Men as Fathers 11 (2). https://doi.org/10.3149/fth.1102.138.
Meiklejohn, S. J., L. Barbour, and C. E. Palermo. 2017. “An Impact Evaluation of the FoodMate Programme: Perspectives of Homeless Young People and Staff.” Health Education Journal 76 (7): 829–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896917715780.
National Alliance to End Homelessness. 2022. “The State of Homelessness in America.” Accessed 28 January 2022. https://endhomelessness.org/homelessness-in-america/homelessness-statistics/state-of-homelessness-report.
Nemiroff, R., T. Aubry, and F. Klodawsky. 2011. “From Homelessness to Community: Psychological Integration of Females with Experienced Homelessness.” Journal of Community Psychology 39 (8): 1003–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20486.
Oliver, V., and R. Cheff. 2014. “The Social Network: Homeless Young Women, Social Capital, and the Health Implications of Belonging Outside the Nuclear Family.” Youth & Society 46 (5): 642–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X12448801.
Page-Reeves, J. 2012. “Commentary: The Nexus of Poverty, Hunger, and Homelessness in New Mexico.” Social Justice 38 (3): 33–41.
Paradis, E., S. Bardy, P. C. Diaz, F. Athumani, and I. Pereira. 2012. We Are Not Asking, We’re Telling: An Inventory of Practices Promoting the Dignity, Autonomy, and Self-Determination of Females and Families Facing Homelessness. The Homelessness Hub Report Series. Report 8.
Parker, S., and P. Mayock. 2019. “’They’re Always Complicated But That’s the Meaning of Family in My Eyes’: Homeless Youth Making Sense of ‘Family’ and Family Relationships.” Journal of Family Issues 40 (4): 540–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X18812512.
Parsell, C., W. Tomaszewski, and R. Phillip. 2014. “Existing Unsheltered Homelessness and Sustaining Housing: A Human Agency Perspective.” Social Service Review 88 (2): 295–321. https://doi.org/10.1086/676318.
Petrovich, J. C., E. Roark Murphy, L. K. Hardin, and B. R. Koch. 2017. “Creating Safe Spaces: Designing Day Shelters for People Experiencing Homelessness.” Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless 26 (1): 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/10530789.2016.1260879.
Phillips, D., and A. B. Kuyini. 2018. “Consumer Participation at Specialist Homelessness Services: Do the Homeless Have a Say in the Services They Receive.” International Social Work 61 (6): 1095–115. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020872817695644.
Phiri, C. M., and B. E. Perron. 2012. “Health Implications of Chronic Homelessness: Lived Experiences of Adult Males and Females at a Community in Gauteng Province, South Africa.” African Journal of Physical, Health, Education, Recreational and Dance 2: 160–73.
Renkin, W. 2015. “Finding a Prophetic Response to End Homelessness in the City of Tshwane: A Transdisciplinary Approach.” Master’s dissertation, University of Pretoria.
Sample, K., and K. M. Ferguson. 2020. “It Shouldn’t Be This Hard: Systemic, Situational, and Intrapersonal Barriers to Exiting Homelessness Among Homeless Young Adults.” Qualitative Social Work 19 (4): 580–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473325019836280.
Savage, G. T., M. D. Bunn, B. Gray, Q. Xiao, S. Wang, E. J. Wilson, and E. S. Williams. 2010. “Stakeholders Collaboration: Implications for Stakeholder Theory and Practice.” Journal of Business Ethics 96 (1): 21–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0939-1.
Schenck, R., N. Roman, C. Erasmus, D. Blaauw, and J. Ryan. 2017. “Homeless in Observatory, Cape Town Through the Lens of Max-Neef’s Fundamental Human’s Needs Taxonomy.” Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk 53 (2): 265–87. https://doi.org/10.15270/53-2-568.
Schneider, D. A., J. Cretella, S. Ranaudo, D. Constantino, and C. F. Cota. 2019. “Voices Should Be Heard: What Personal Stories of Homelessness Teach Us About Practice.” Families in Society 100 (3): 317–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044389419837069.
Schrag, A., and A. Schmidt-Tieszen. 2014. “Social Support Networks of Single Young Mothers.” Child Adolescence Social Work Journal 31: 315–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-013-0324-2.
Schwend, K. A., M. Cluskey, and M. Cordell. 2015. “Lifestyles and Goals of Homeless Male Shelter Users.” Sage Open 5: 1. https://doi.org/2158244015572504.
Shimei, N., M. Krumer-Nevo, Y. Saar-Heiman, S. Russo-Carmel, I. Mirmovitch, L. Zaitoun-Aricha, and Social Work for Change Group Members. 2016. “Critical Social Work: A Performance Ethnography.” Qualitative Inquiry 22 (8): 615–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800416629696.
Singh, N., P. Koiri, and S. K. Shukla. 2018. “Signposting Invisibles: A Study of the Homeless Population in India.” Chinese Sociological Dialogue 3 (3): 179–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397200918763087.
Snodgrass, J. 2014. “Pastoral Care and Counseling with the “Un-Homeless Homeless”: Understanding Cultures of Homelessness.” Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling 68 (2): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/154230501406800204.
Thompson, S. J., K. Bender, L. Windor, M. S. Cook, and T. Williams. 2010. “Homeless Youth: Characteristics, Contributing Factors, and Service Options.” Journal of Human Behaviour in the Social Environment 20: 193–217. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911350903269831.
Trist, E. 1977. “Collaboration in Work Settings: A Personal Perspective.” Journal of Applied Behavioural Science 13 (3): 268–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/002188637701300303.
United Nations, Habitat. 2015. Homelessness in Egypt. Cairo: UN-Habitat.
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Published
2022-08-25
How to Cite
Kgadima, Phuti Nathaniel, and Timson Mahlangu. 2022. “Social Workers’ and Homeless People’s Understanding of Ways to Redress Homelessness”. Southern African Journal of Social Work and Social Development 34 (2):18 pages. https://doi.org/10.25159/2708-9355/9997.
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