Brigaglia, Andrea. “The Outburst of Rage and The Divine Dagger : Invective Poetry and Inter-Ṭarīqa Conflict in Northern Nigeria, 1949”. Journal for Islamic Studies 36, no. 1 (July 4, 2023): 101–139. Accessed December 21, 2025. https://www.unisapressjournals.co.za/index.php/JIS/article/view/14001.