Exploring the Socio-Cultural Drivers of Early Marriage in Zimbabwe: A Qualitative Study of Community Perceptions and Attitudes

Abstract

This qualitative study explores the socio-cultural drivers of early marriage in Zimbabwe, with a focus on girls aged 15–19. The study aimed to identify the societal and cultural factors that contribute to the practice of early marriage, using a phenomenological research design. Participants were selected based on the richness of the information they could provide. Data were analysed using thematic data analysis and NVivo software. The findings revealed that early marriage is viewed as a means of protecting girls from premarital sex and promiscuity and as a means to ensure their financial stability. Societal pressure on girls in Zimbabwe to conform to traditional gender roles also contribute to early marriage. The study highlights the complexity of early marriage, driven by a range of cultural and social norms. Community engagement and participation are critical in addressing early marriage, and policies and interventions should be developed in collaboration with community members and leaders. The study recommends engaging with community members and leaders to develop policies and implementing a multifaceted approach that includes promoting girls’ education, providing economic opportunities, and challenging traditional gender roles. The study’s findings have significant implications for policy and practice, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach that addresses the underlying societal and cultural factors that contribute to early marriage. By engaging with communities and promoting girls’ empowerment, policymakers and practitioners can work towards ending the practice of early marriage and ensuring that girls in Zimbabwe have the opportunity to reach their full potential.